Indonesia, with its growing industrial and infrastructure sectors, has seen an increasing demand for high-quality fastening components. Among the most critical components used in various mechanical, construction, and petrochemical applications are drat, long drat, dynaset, and stud bolts. Each plays a vital role in ensuring structural integrity, safety, and operational efficiency.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of these components, their differences, applications, manufacturing standards, and their relevance in the Indonesian industrial context.
1. What is Drat?
The term “drat” in Indonesian generally refers to threads or threaded components. In mechanical and construction terms, “drat” is used to describe the threaded portion of bolts, screws, or rods that enable components to be fastened together securely.
Types of Threads
Internal Threads: Found inside nuts or holes.
External Threads: Found on bolts, screws, and threaded rods.
Thread Standards Used in Indonesia
Indonesia typically uses:
Metric Threads (ISO Metric) – Most commonly used.
Unified Thread Standard (UTS) – Especially for imported or American machinery.
British Standard Whitworth (BSW) – Seen in older systems.
The precision and type of drat used determine the load-bearing capacity, resistance to loosening, and compatibility with mating parts.
2. Long Drat (Threaded Rods)
Long drat, or Sekrup Baja Ringan, are metal rods that are threaded across their entire length. They are also known as all-threads or stud rods in English.
Common Materials
Carbon Steel
Stainless Steel (A2, A4 grades)
Brass or Copper Alloys (less common)
Galvanized Steel for corrosion resistance
Typical Applications in Indonesia
Construction projects: Used to fasten heavy structural elements.
Plumbing systems: For pipe supports and flanges.
Electrical and HVAC installations
Mechanical assemblies: Used as connecting rods in machinery.
Advantages of Long Drat
Flexibility in cutting to custom lengths.
Strong and reliable fastening.
Compatible with standard nuts and washers.
Standards and Specifications
ASTM A193 / A307 / A320 for material and performance.
DIN 975 / DIN 976 for dimensional tolerance.
In Indonesian projects, contractors often seek long drats with SNI (Standar Nasional Indonesia) compliance or equivalent international standards.
3. Dynaset: A Vital Anchoring System
In Indonesian construction terminology, dynaset refers to mechanical anchor bolts or expansion anchors, often used in concrete or masonry.
What is a Dynaset?
A dynaset typically consists of:
A threaded bolt or rod.
An expansion sleeve or wedge.
A nut and washer to tighten.
When installed into a drilled hole and tightened, the expansion mechanism creates a tight grip in the base material, providing high load capacity.
Use Cases in Indonesia
Structural Reinforcement: Dynasets are embedded into concrete to attach steel beams.
Industrial Equipment Mounting: Heavy machinery is fixed to the floor using dynasets.
Facade Installations: Used for cladding, canopies, and signage in high-rise buildings.
Types of Dynaset Anchors
Mechanical Expansion Anchors – Common in general construction.
Chemical Anchors (Hilti-style) – Use resin for higher bonding in seismic zones.
Sleeve Anchors – Medium-duty applications.
Wedge Anchors – Heavy-duty fastening.
Key Standards
ETAG 001 (European Technical Approval Guidelines)
ACI 355.2 (American Concrete Institute)
In Indonesia, large developers refer to international norms while adhering to SNI 7973:2013 on anchor bolts.
4. Stud Bolts
Stud bolts are headless threaded bolts that are used with nuts on both ends. These are extensively used in flange connections in oil & gas, petrochemical, and power plant industries.
Design and Characteristics
Fully threaded or partially threaded.
Made from high-strength materials.
Used in critical high-pressure environments.
Common Materials
B7 (Chromium-Molybdenum Steel) – Standard for petrochemical applications.
B8/B8M (Stainless Steel) – For corrosion-resistant environments.
Inconel, Monel, and Hastelloy – For extreme environments.
Applications in Indonesia
Oil & Gas Industry: In offshore platforms and refineries (e.g., Pertamina, Chevron).
Power Plants: Steam and gas turbines.
Chemical Industry: For reactor vessels and process equipment.
Marine Applications
Stud Bolt Standards
ASTM A193 (for bolts) and ASTM A194 (for nuts)
ASME B16.5 – For flange connections.
DIN 976 / DIN 938
Gasket Compatibility
Stud bolts are essential in bolted flange joints with spiral wound gaskets, RTJ gaskets, or compressed fiber gaskets—frequently used in Indonesian process plants.
5. Industrial Demand in Indonesia
Indonesia’s infrastructure and energy sector boom—fueled by government spending and foreign investment—has significantly boosted the demand for reliable fastening solutions.
Key Sectors Driving Demand
Oil & Gas: The largest consumer of stud bolts and dynasets.
Construction: Skyscrapers, bridges, ports, and airports.
Manufacturing: Assembly lines, heavy equipment, and structural support.
Mining: Equipment fastening in rugged environments.
Notable Projects
New Capital City (IKN): Infrastructure development requires large volumes of fasteners.
Java-Bali Power Grid Projects
Jakarta MRT Phase II
6. Local Manufacturing and Import Trends
Indonesia produces some fastening components locally, but high-spec items like dynaset anchors and B7 stud bolts are often imported from:
China
South Korea
Japan
India
Germany
Local Manufacturers
Some companies in Cikarang, Surabaya, and Batam manufacture threaded rods, standard bolts, and basic dynasets. However, stringent projects still prefer imported products due to quality assurance and international certification.
7. Challenges and Considerations
Quality Assurance
Substandard drats and bolts can lead to:
Structural failures
Safety incidents
Costly repairs
Thus, testing and certification are essential, especially for seismic and offshore zones.
Corrosion Resistance
Given Indonesia’s tropical and coastal environment, Pabrikasi Angkur (like stainless steel or coated bolts) are often preferred.
Seismic Safety
Dynasets and anchoring systems must adhere to seismic-resistant standards in Indonesia, especially in earthquake-prone areas like West Sumatra, Java, and Sulawesi.
8. Certification and Standards in Indonesia
SNI Standards
Relevant Indonesian standards include:
SNI 03-1729-2002: Steel structure design.
SNI 7973:2013: Mechanical anchors in concrete.
SNI ISO 898-1: Mechanical properties of fasteners.
International equivalence is often sought through:
ISO / DIN
ASTM / ASME
BS (British Standards)
9. Conclusion
The Indonesian industrial landscape heavily relies on fastening components like drat, long drat, dynaset, and stud bolts. Their role in ensuring safety, durability, and structural integrity cannot be overstated. With growing infrastructure, energy, and manufacturing sectors, demand for high-quality fasteners will continue to rise.
As global and local manufacturers compete in this space, stakeholders must focus on quality control, material standards, and engineering design to ensure optimal performance across all applications.